Force

physics · motion · pushes and pulls

Forces make things move. When you push a skateboard or throw a ball, you are using force to change how it moves. The bigger your push or pull, the more the object changes speed or direction.

Forces have direction. A force isn't just about how hard you push. It also matters which way you push. Pushing a door open is different from pushing it sideways, even with the same strength.

Forces can resist. When you catch a ball, your hands use force to stop it from moving. Forces can push back against other forces to keep things from falling or sliding.

Forces affect liquids. When you press on water, the pressure spreads out in all directions. This is how hydraulic brakes in cars work, using force to stop them safely.

Force is measured in newtons. Scientists measure force using a unit called the newton (N), named after physicist Isaac Newton. One newton is about the force of gravity on an apple in your hand.