Lithium

chemistry · batteries · metals

Powers your devices. Lithium is the star ingredient in rechargeable batteries that power phones, laptops, and electric cars. Its ability to hold and release energy makes it one of the most important metals for modern technology.

Softer than butter. Lithium is the lightest metal on Earth and so soft you could cut it with a knife. It's so light that a chunk of it would float on water if it didn't react with it instantly.

Super reactive and dangerous. Lithium is so reactive that it catches fire and explodes when it touches air or water, so scientists have to store it in special oils or inert gases to keep it safe. This is why batteries have strict safety rules.

Hidden in oceans. Lithium doesn't exist as pure metal in nature, but it dissolves in ocean water and is found in salty brines underground. Scientists extract it from these brines to make the lithium metal we use in technology.

Shiny then tarnished. Fresh lithium gleams like polished silver, but it quickly dulls and darkens when exposed to air because it reacts with oxygen. This is why it must be kept sealed away from the air.