The Rhine River

Europe · geography · rivers

Starts in the Alps. The Rhine begins high up in the Swiss Alps in a region called Graubünden, where snow and glaciers feed cold, clear water into the river.

Touches six countries. As it winds northward and westward, the Rhine flows through or along the borders of Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, France, and the Netherlands.

Carves the land. The river creates natural borders between countries and has shaped the mountains, valleys, and cities along its entire 800-mile journey.

Ends in the North Sea. After flowing through the Netherlands, the Rhine spreads into a wide delta and finally empties into the North Sea, meeting the ocean at last.

Shaped European history. Cities grew up along the Rhine for thousands of years because the river provided water, food, and a highway for boats and trade.